Explanation

• Option b is correct – The Strait of Hormuz is a strategically vital waterway that links the Persian Gulf (to its west) with the Gulf of Oman (to its southeast).
• It serves as the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean (Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean) and is one of the world's most critical oil chokepoints.

Explanation

• The Dzukou Valley is located on the border of Nagaland and Manipur in Northeast India, specifically situated behind the Japfu Peak.
• It is renowned for its biodiversity, the rare Dzukou Lily, and as a popular trekking destination near Kohima.

Explanation

• Statement 1 is correct – PM-DAKSH (Pradhan Mantri Dakshta Aur Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi) is a Central Sector Scheme launched in 2020-21.
• Its objective is to enhance the competency level of target groups (SCs, OBCs, EBCs, DNTs, Safai Karamcharis) by providing high-quality skill training (short-term, long-term, upskilling/reskilling) through quality institutions to improve employability.
• Statement 2 is incorrect – The nodal agency/ministry for the PM-DAKSH scheme is the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJ&E).

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Explanation

• Option a is correct – The ‘Orcas’ also called killer whales. They are the largest members of the dolphin family and Earth’s largest predator.
• They found in every ocean and live in close-knit groups led by mothers, with leadership passed down to daughters.
• Female orcas teach their young about food sources and social behaviours. This cultural transmission helps them adapt to the Anthropocene.

Explanation

• Option a is correct – THAAD is an advanced U.S. missile defence platform designed to counter ballistic missile threats.
• Capabilities – intercepts missiles in the terminal (final) stage of flight.
  • Destroys threats inside and outside Earth’s atmosphere.
  • Defends against short, medium, and limited intermediate-range ballistic missiles.
  • Effective at ranges of 150–200 km, at high altitude.