Explanation

• ASEAN-India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA) – It is a trade deal between the ten member states of ASEAN and India.
• It was signed at the 7th ASEAN Economic Ministers-India Consultations in Bangkok, Thailand, in 2009. The agreement entered into force on 1 January 2010.
• ASEAN remains a pivotal trade partner for India, accounting for approximately 11% of India's global trade.
• In the fiscal year 2023-24, bilateral trade between India and ASEAN reached USD 121 billion.

Explanation

• Statement 1 is correct – Total Fertility Rate (TFR) refers to the average number of children expected to be born per woman during her entire span of reproductive period (usually between 15 to 49 years).
• Statement 2 is correct – Recently, the report released by Sample Registration Survey, India has seen a decline in its birth rate, with the Total Fertility Rate dropping for the first time in two years.
• The report emphasized that 18 States and UTs had reported a TFR of below the replacement level TFR of 2.1.

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Explanation

• Option a is correct answer – Recently, the Odisha Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary is set to become India’s newest Tiger reserve.
• Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary is popularly known as The Land of Bisons.
• It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1985 and it is situated in the Bargarh district of Odisha.
• The sanctuary’s lifeline is the Mahanadi River, whose waters are harnessed by the Hirakud Dam.
• Tiger, Leopard, Indian Bison (Gaur), Sambar, Spotted Deer, Chousingha (Four-horned antelope), Sloth bear, Wild boar, Langur, Percupine are the fauna spotted here.

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Explanation

• The Next-Generation GST reforms are designed not just to reduce tax rates, but to create a virtuous cycle of growth.
• Option 1 is correct – Simpler rates encourage compliance, expanding the tax base and improving revenues.
• Option 2 is correct – tax cuts help people/ household save money and that saved money further boosts investments in business. Thus it evidently results in growth.
• Option 3 is incorrect – Cheaper goods and services increase household savings and stimulate consumption. Thus, it will result in increase in demand for the goods (not decrease).
• Option 4 is correct – Exemption of GST on insurance and essential medicines strengthens household security and access to healthcare.

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Explanation

• Statement 1 is correct – Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a set of technologies that enable computers to perform a variety of advanced functions.
• These functions including the ability to see, understand and translate spoken and written language, analyse data, make recommendations, and more.
• AI types includes the following –
  • Artificial narrow intelligence (ANI)
  • Artificial general intelligence (AGI)
  • Artificial super intelligence (ASI)
• Statement 2 is correct – Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that aims to mimic the cognitive abilities of the human brain.
• Its characteristics comprises of – Generalization ability i.e. used to transfer knowledge and skills learned in one domain to another.
• It enables to adapt to new and unseen situations effectively.
• Common sense knowledge – It has a vast repository of knowledge about the world, including facts, relationships, and social norms, allowing it to reason and make decisions based on this common understanding.

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