UPSC Daily Current Affairs| One Liners 31-07-2026

One Liners 31-07-2026

History, Art and Culture

Pithora painting

• Pithora painting is a sacred ritualistic tribal art form.
• It was created by the Rathwa, Bhil, and Bhilala communities of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
• It is done to fulfill a vow or bring good luck, rain, and health to the family.
• Visual elements
  • Represent the main god Pithora and his companions, along with ancestor horses (khatri)
  • Uses vivid reds, blues, oranges, and greens made from natural pigments mixed with milk and alcohol.
  • Organized in horizontal rows showing the world of gods
  • Finger-pressed orange dots placed in the center once the painting is complete.

Lalitpur Heritage Site

India, Nepal revive ties with restoration of Lalitpur Heritage Sites.

• It primarily refers to the Patan Durbar Square UNESCO World Heritage Site in Nepal.
• It lies alongside recently restored historic Buddhist complexes like Shree Gusthal Mahavihar and the Agam of Prathamshree Mahavihar in Guita Tole, Patan.
• It is celebrated for its hyper-dense collection of Malla-era Newari architecture, stone monuments, and wood carvings. Such as
  • Mahabuddha Temple
  • Golden Temple
  • Krishna Mandir.

Polity & Governance

e-Zero FIRs

• Delhi registered 6,115 e-Zero FIRs, the highest number among the 18 States and Union Territories implementing the system, since its launch in May 2025.
• The nationwide total has surpassed 12,000 cases, with Delhi and Chandigarh combined accounting for over 10,000 registrations.
  • Uttarakhand stands 3^rd with 552 cases.
• The e-Zero FIR system is heavily utilized in metropolitan areas, while other states show varying levels of digital adoption.
• Section 173(1) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 mandates that information relating to the commission of a cognisable offence, irrespective of where the offence is committed, may be given orally or through electronic communication to the officer in charge of a police station.
• Click to know about Zero FIR.

IASV Triveni Team

• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh felicitated 9 women officers from the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force recently, in New Delhi for completing the historic 'Samudra Pradakshina' expedition.
• The crew successfully completed a 314-day global circumnavigation aboard the IASV Triveni.
• Expedition Key Statistics
  • Distance covered – 25,500 nautical miles
  • Oceans crossed – 4 major oceans
  • Milestones Achieved – Crossed the Equator twice, crossed the International Date Line, and rounded the Three Great Capes (Cape Leeuwin, Cape Horn, and Cape of Good Hope).

International Relations and Issues

Nairobi meetings 2026

The draft of the first global assessment of the progress towards the Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) suggests that the world is not on track to meet the targets set under the Framework.

• Venue – Nairobi, Kenya.
• KMGBF was put in place in 2022 and has 23 targets that need to be met by 2030.
• This is the first time progress towards 2030 targets is being assessed.
• Target 8 Alone Advances – Reducing climate change and ocean acidification impacts on ecosystems is the only target showing positive directional progress, though its current pace is still considered insufficient
• UN Biodiversity Conference (CBD COP17) will take place in Yerevan, Armenia.

Economy

1^st International Consignment of Purabi Ice Cream

Assam has officially launched its first international dairy export by shipping Purabi Ice Cream to Bhutan.

• The ice cream will supply major Bhutanese cities including Thimphu, Paro, Phuentsholing, and Wangdue.
• Manufactured by – the West Assam Milk Producers’ Cooperative Union Limited (WAMUL)
• Marketed by – North East Dairy and Foods Limited (NEDFL).
• Facilitated by – Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

Vizag Port performance in 2025

Visakhapatnam Port handled 50.87% of India's total marine product exports in FY 2024–25, as reported by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry in Parliament.

• Export Performance Metrics
  • FY 2024–25 Share – 50.87% of national marine exports.
  • FY 2023–24 Share – 29.67% (valued at $2.19 billion out of India's total $7.38 billion).
• Contributing Factors
  • Enhanced cargo handling and logistics networks at Visakhapatnam Port Authority.
  • Strong support for regional seafood processing under Andhra Pradesh's One District One Product (ODOP) framework.
• Visakhapatnam Port is a major natural harbor handling massive bulk cargo
• It stands out due to its unique physical geography, deep drafts, and strategic location on India's east coast.

Agriculture

Climate Change Impact on India’s Rice Yields

• A new scientific study highlights that India’s rice yields could drop 6.6% for every 1°C increase in global mean temperature.
• India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh face an upward revision of estimated yield losses from 2.1% previously up to 6.6% per 1°C of warming.
• Temperatures crossing 30°C cause the severe damage, specifically when the plants are in their vulnerable reproductive stages.
• South and Southeast Asia face the steepest risks because of heavy reliance on rice farming and high exposure to sudden heat bursts.

Science

Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT)

Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) completed 25 years of the successful operations recently.

• The Himalayan Chandra Telescope is a 2-meter optical-infrared telescope.
• Located at – 4,500 meters elevation at the Indian Astronomical Observatory in Hanle, Ladakh.
• It was operated remotely from Karnataka.
• It is used to study stellar explosions, comets, nearby asteroids, and exoplanet atmospheres.

100 Crore 5G Users by 2030

Recently union telecom minister announced during the India Congress (IMC) 2026 curtain-raiser event that 5G connectivity has reached around 50 crore people.

• India aims to connect 100 crore people to 5G by 2030, after already reaching nearly 50 crore users in just 2.5 years.
• India's first Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ) will be set up in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
  • It aims to boost telecom, semiconductor, and data centre manufacturing.
• India's telecom sector now serves 1.33 billion mobile users, with data prices about ₹8/GB.
• The government is preparing for 6G through the Bharat 6G Alliance, while expanding connectivity via BharatNet, 5G FWA, and the PLI Scheme.
• India is investing in 6G, AI, quantum communications, satellite communications, and semiconductors to advance from Digital India to Intelligent India.
• India Mobile Congress (IMC) 2026 will be held in New Delhi in October 2026 under the theme "Scale Without Boundaries."