UPSC Daily Current Affairs| One Liners 31-01-2025

One Liners 31-01-2025

History, Art and Culture

Excavation of Iron knife

Discovery of 30 Inscriptions

Found in – Abbana Bettu Basadi, Karnataka.
It is 450-years old, and provided insights into Jain heritage.
Spanning - Several centuries of Kalasa-Karkala Jain dynasty.
The earliest inscription on 16^th century dates back to the reign of Saluva Bhairarasa (Bhairarasa II).
It records that Lakshmamanadevi, the wife of Saluva Bhairarasa, commissioned a list of 24 Tirthankaras and donated it to the basadi.
Another 16^th-century inscription reveals that it was commissioned by a patron named Devarasa.
The inscriptions on the silver arches are the most recent among the discoveries, dating back to the 19^th century.
30 inscriptions
- 29 inscriptions – Kannada script.
- 1 inscriptions – Nagari, bearing only the name of a Tirthankara.

Geography

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

CMEs – They are magnetized plasma bubbles ejected from the Sun and evolve in the interplanetary medium.
Appearance – It looks like huge, twisted rope, called as Flux Rope.
Speed Range - Slower than 250 kilometers per second (km/s) to as fast as near 3000 km/s.
They are the major drivers of perturbations in the Earth’s magnetic field, known as geomagnetic storms.
Such storms can cause severe impacts on ground and space-based technological systems, such as communication disruptions, deorbiting satellites, and power grid failures.

Polity & Governance

Assistance to Drought Prone Areas

High-Level Committee (HLC) has approved project for catalytic assistance.

Objective - To 12 most drought prone states.
12 states – Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh.
Funded by – National Disaster Mitigation Fund (NDMF).

Mitigation Scheme for Forest Fire Risk Management

Union Minister has approved the Mitigation Scheme for Forest Fire Risk Management.

Objective – To transforming the forest fire management approach in the country.
Implemented in – 144 high-priority districts in 19 states.
19 states – Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Manipur, Maharashtra, Mizoram, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttarakhand
Funded by – National Disaster Mitigation Fund (NDMF) & National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF).

Environment

Coal

Coal – It is a sedimentary deposit composed predominantly of carbon that is readily combustible.
Color – Black or brownish-black.
Composition – Inherent moisture consists of more than 50% by weight and more than 70% by volume of carbonaceous material.
Formation – From plant remains that have been compacted, hardened, chemically altered and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic time.

Security

Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW SWC)

Objective – To undertake anti-submarine operations in coastal waters, Low Intensity Maritime Operations (LIMO) and Mine Laying Operations.
Maximum speed - 25 knots.
Endurance - 1800 NM.
Capabilities
- Interdiction/ destruction of sub surface targets in coastal waters.
- Carrying out Search and Rescue by day and night.
- To prosecute intruding craft as part of LIMO.

Indian Naval Sailing Vessel (INSV) Tarini

INSV Tarini, successfully passed through Point Nemo, Oceanic Pole in South Pacific.

INSV Tarini – It is a 56-foot sailing vessel built by Aquarius Shipyard Ltd.
It was inducted in the Indian Navy on February 18, 2017.
Under – Navika Sagar Parikrama-II.
2 women Navy officers, Dilna K. and Roopa A recently crossed Point Nemo ongoing global circumnavigation journey.
Expedition – It is the most extended leg of the expedition, with a distance of approximately 5,600 nm (approximately 10,400 km).
Point Nemo - Located in the South Pacific, which is the Oceanic Pole of inaccessibility, the most remote location on Earth.

Miscellaneous

International Zebra Day

It is observed every year on 31 January.
It is established to highlight the challenges zebras face in the wild.
Highlights – The challenges zebras face in the wild.
Zebra species – They are native to Africa, roam across countries like Kenya, Namibia, and South Africa.
Threats – Habitat loss due to climate change and poaching.
3 species & Conservation status
- Grevy’s zebra – Endangered.
- Mountain zebra – Vulnerable.
- Plains zebra – Near-threatened.

World Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Day 2025

It is observed annually on 30 January.
It is an act to eliminate NTDs by making bold, sustainable investments to free the estimated 1.5 billion people.
Theme – Unite, Act and Eliminate.
NTDs – They are a diverse group of conditions caused by a variety of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi and toxins.