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One Liners 09-09-2025
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Geography
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Sinkholes of Urban Area
Definition - Sinkholes form when the ground beneath streets, buildings, or pipelines suddenly collapses.
- Geological Causes - Cities on karst terrain with limestone, gypsum, or salt bedrock are prone as water dissolves underground cavities over time.
- Human Activity - Leaking pipes, old sewers, and road traffic erode soil, creating hidden voids.
- Structural Pressure - Building foundations and tunnelling add stress, triggering collapses in weakened areas.
- Urban Planning - Poor drainage, paving, and construction in unstable zones increase sinkhole risk.
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Polity & Governance
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National Company Law Tribunal
The National Company Law Tribunal (Chennai) admitted Aban Offshore Ltd. for insolvency resolution on September 1, 2025.
- Petition by - Punjab National Bank (PNB) filed the petition under Section 7 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
- Default Details - Amount claimed by PNB is Rs 366.09 crore.
- NCLT - is a quasi-judicial body in India that deals with corporate disputes, insolvency, and bankruptcy matters.
Key points:
- Establishment: Under the Companies Act, 2013.
- Functions: Handles insolvency resolution, company law disputes, and shareholder grievances.
- Authority: Has powers to admit, approve, or reject petitions related to company matters.
- Significance: Central forum for efficient corporate restructuring and dispute resolution in India.
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Polity & Governance
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Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC),2016
IBC, 2016 is India’s key legislation for resolving insolvency and bankruptcy efficiently.
- Objective: To consolidate and amend laws relating to insolvency and bankruptcy of companies, individuals, and partnerships.
- Structure: Introduces time-bound insolvency resolution (usually 180–330 days for companies).
- Authorities: Administered via NCLT for companies and Debt Recovery Tribunals for individuals.
- Significance: Ensures faster recovery for creditors, promotes entrepreneurship, and strengthens the credit culture.
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Economy
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Platinum Jubilee Celebration of Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC)
Recently, President Droupadi Murmu graced the 75th anniversary of EEPC India in New Delhi.
- EEPC- India is a government-sponsored, non-commercial organization established in 1955.
- Aims – It seeks to promote Indian engineering exports and serve as a vital bridge between the engineering industry and global markets.”
- Export Growth – The Engineering exports grew from $70 billion to $115 billion in the last decade, despite global trade challenges.
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Coal Production in India
Coal production in India rose around 8% on a month-on-month basis, despite a slow season caused by monsoon-related operational challenges and lower typical demand.
- Performance - From April to August, coal production slightly declined by 0.6% compared to the same period last year, with domestic output at 381.75 MT against 384 MT a year ago.
- Major Contributor - Public-sector Coal India Limited (CIL) remained the largest contributor, accounting for approximately 76% of total coal production on a year-to-date basis.
- Import and Domestic Supply - Most coal demand is met domestically. Imports mainly consist of essential coking coal and high-grade non-coking coal due to limited domestic reserves.
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Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) postpones settlement day for Cash & Securities
SEBI announced that the settlement day for cash and securities lending and borrowing mechanism segments will be postponed due to corporation holidays.
- SLBM Overview – It allows investors or market participants to lend or borrow securities for a fixed period, typically to meet settlement obligations.
- Settlement in SLBM – It involves the return of borrowed securities to the lender and the payment of lending fees.
- SEBI Settlement Day - Is the day when the SLBM transaction is completed, i.e., the borrowed securities are returned and obligations cleared.
- For example: If securities are borrowed on Monday (T), the transaction must be settled by Wednesday (T+2).
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Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited (NLCIL)
Lignite and coal mines of NLC India Limited (NLCIL) achieved top scores and five-star ratings in the Union Coal Ministry survey for 2023-24.
- Leading Mines - 1A in Neyveli, Talabira II and III coal mines in Odisha, and Barsingar lignite mine in Rajasthan secured first place in the survey and received five-star ratings
- Star Rating Policy - launched in 2018-19, by Union Coal Ministry
- Aims - To enhance performance and sustainability of coal and lignite mines, promoting transparency, accountability, and best practices.
- Assessment Parameters - 380 mines are evaluated on 7 modules, including mining operations, environment, technology adoption, economic performance, rehabilitation, employee compliance, and safety.
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Security
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LAUNCH OF ELEVENTH AMMUNITION CUM TORPEDO CUM MISSILE (ACTCM)
Recently, 11th ACTCM Barge, LSAM 25 (Yard 135) was launched at M/s Suryadipta Projects Pvt Ltd, Thane.
- Contract - The contract for 11 Ammunition Cum Torpedo Cum Missile Barges was signed on 05 March 2021 with the MSME shipyard.
- Ten barges - have already been delivered to the Indian Navy.
- Indigenous Design - The barges were designed by an Indian Ship Design firm, certified by IRS, and tested at NSTL, Visakhapatnam.
- Significance - These barges boost naval logistics and symbolize Make in India and Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
- What is a Barges? It is a long flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight on canals and rivers, either under its own power or towed by another.
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Index
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National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF),
NIRF has expanded from 4 to 17 categories, with participation rising from 3,565 to 14,163 institutions in 2025.
- Ranking Parameters - Based on teaching, learning & resources (30%), research & professional practice (30%), graduation outcomes (20%), outreach & inclusivity (10%), and peer perception (10%).
- NIRF launched: In 2016 by Ministry of Education.
- Role of NIRF - Benchmarking Quality in Higher Education, Informed Policy and Planning, Promoting Research & Innovation, Enhancing Inclusivity and Equity & Guiding Students and Stakeholders.
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Miscellaneous
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World Physiotherapy Day
On World Physiotherapy Day, PM Modi extended appreciation to physiotherapists through their contributions in improving mobility, dignity, and quality of life, especially for the elderly.
- Observed on: 8th September every year.
- Purpose: To raise awareness about the crucial role of physiotherapists in health, mobility, and rehabilitation.
- Theme 2025: (to be confirmed from official sources; varies each year).
- Significance - Promotes awareness of physiotherapy as a critical component of preventive and rehabilitative healthcare.
- It is integrated into Ayushman Bharat Health & Wellness Centres and rehabilitation medicine.
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