1.Consider the following statements regarding tropical cyclone naming in the North Indian Ocean:
The formal naming system for tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean was initiated in 2004.
Cyclone names in the region are assigned by the WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones.
The Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (RSMC), New Delhi, is responsible for naming cyclones over the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea after they attain the prescribed intensity.
Each cyclone name can be reused in subsequent naming lists after a sufficient time gap.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer : b
Statement 1 – Correct: The formal system for naming tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean was initiated in 2004.
Statement 2 – Correct: Names are assigned under the WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones, which coordinates cyclone-related activities among countries of the region.
Statement 3 – Correct: The RSMC, New Delhi, operated by the India Meteorological Department (IMD), is responsible for naming cyclones over the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea once they reach the prescribed intensity.
Statement 4 – Incorrect: Under the current naming system, each name is used only once and is not repeated in subsequent naming lists.
2.Consider the following statements regarding hydroseeding technology:
Hydroseeding is a technique used for establishing vegetation by spraying a mixture containing seeds and other growth-supporting materials over the target area.
It can be used for ecological restoration of mine overburden dumps and stabilization of unstable slopes.
Hydroseeding is primarily a technique for extracting minerals from mine overburden.
The technology can help accelerate vegetation establishment on degraded landscapes.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer : a
Statement 1 – Correct: Hydroseeding involves spraying a slurry containing seeds, water and growth-supporting materials over the target surface. Depending on the application, the slurry may contain mulch, fertilizers and soil amendments.
Statement 2 – Correct: In mining areas, hydroseeding can be used on overburden dumps and unstable mine slopes to establish vegetation and assist in slope stabilization and land reclamation.
Statement 3 – Incorrect: Hydroseeding has nothing to do with mineral extraction. It is a vegetation-establishment and ecological restoration technique.
Statement 4 – Correct: By distributing seeds and supporting materials uniformly over degraded surfaces, hydroseeding can facilitate rapid vegetation establishment, helping restore mined-out landscapes.
3.Consider the following statements regarding an Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) system:
AIP enables a conventional submarine to generate propulsion without continuously drawing atmospheric air from the surface or through a snorkel.
AIP can increase the underwater endurance of conventional submarines.
AIP systems are primarily intended to increase the maximum underwater speed of submarines.
India has been developing an indigenous AIP system for use in conventional submarines.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer : b
Statement 1 – Correct: Air Independent Propulsion allows a conventional submarine to operate underwater without regularly accessing atmospheric oxygen through surfacing or snorkelling.
Statement 2 – Correct: The major advantage of AIP is greater submerged endurance, allowing submarines to remain underwater for longer periods and thereby improving stealth.
Statement 3 – Incorrect: AIP is not primarily designed to increase maximum underwater speed. Its principal advantage is extending the submarine's ability to remain submerged.
Statement 4 – Correct:India has developed an indigenous AIP system for conventional submarines, associated with the Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL), DRDO.
4.Consider the following statements regarding Ladakh becoming India’s first fully organic Union Territory:
Ladakh has been declared India’s first fully organic Union Territory under the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP).
The organic certification covers agricultural land across all districts of the Union Territory.
The transition to organic farming eliminates the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
The initiative is aimed only at increasing agricultural production and has no relevance to environmental sustainability.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer : a
Statement 1 – Correct: Ladakh has become India’s first fully organic Union Territory, representing a major milestone in the promotion of organic agriculture.
Statement 2 – Correct: The organic status covers agricultural areas across the Union Territory, making Ladakh distinct from initiatives limited to selected villages or districts.
Statement 3 – Correct: Organic farming generally avoids synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides and relies on ecological processes, biological inputs and naturally derived materials.
Statement 4 – Incorrect: Organic agriculture has broader objectives beyond production, including soil health, biodiversity conservation, environmental sustainability and reduction of chemical inputs.
5. Consider the following statements regarding Extended Reality (XR):
Virtual Reality (VR) creates a completely digital environment that can immerse the user in a simulated world.
Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital information or objects onto the real-world environment.
Mixed Reality (MR) allows digital objects to interact with elements of the physical environment.
Haptic technology primarily provides a visual simulation of the surroundings without generating physical sensations.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer : b
Statement 1 – Correct:Virtual Reality (VR) creates a fully digital or simulated environment in which the user can experience an immersive virtual world, generally using a VR headset.
Statement 2 – Correct:Augmented Reality (AR) adds or overlays digital content—such as images, information or virtual objects—onto the user's view of the real world.
Statement 3 – Correct:Mixed Reality (MR) combines physical and digital environments and enables digital objects to interact with and respond to the physical surroundings.
Statement 4 – Incorrect:Haptic technology is associated with the sense of touch, using vibrations, pressure or other physical sensations to provide tactile feedback. It is not primarily a visual technology.
