1) With reference to Nitrosamine impurities, recently addressed by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), consider the following statements:

1. Nitrosamines are genotoxic and carcinogenic chemical compounds.
2. IPC launched seven Indian Pharmacopoeia Nitrosamine Impurities Reference Standards for the first time.
3. They can only form during packaging and not during API synthesis.

Which of the above are correct?

2) At UNCCD COP17, the United States opposed a global drought framework. Which of the following is correct?

a. The US supported a binding drought protocol.

b. The Africa Group argued fragmented national initiatives cannot address transboundary droughts.

c. Chile proposed a binding treaty with financial obligations.

d. The US emphasized immediate creation of new international bodies.

3) Neelakurinji (Strobilanthes kunthiana), recently under conservation focus, is correctly described as:

a. A plietennial shrub flowering once every 12 years.

b. A biennial shrub flowering every 2 years.

c. Listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act.

d. Endemic only to the Eastern Ghats.

4) The catastrophic flash flood in Nepal’s Rasuwa district (2026) was triggered by:

a. A volcanic eruption in Tibet.

b. A high?altitude ice?rock avalanche collapsing into the Lhende Khola.

c. A dam breach in the Narayani basin.

d. Monsoon rainfall in the Terai plains.

5) With reference to the Black?Necked Stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus), consider the following statements:

1. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.
2. In India, it is protected under Schedule II of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
3. The GEER Foundation study found Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary achieved 100% fledging success in monitored nests.

Which of the above are correct?