Explanation

• Option c is correct – The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India is considered the "Guardian of the Public Purse" in the Indian constitution.
• Authorized under Article 148, the CAG controls the entire financial system of both the Union and State governments, ensuring transparency and accountability in public expenditure.
• The CAG audits all receipts and expenditures of the government to ensure public funds are spent properly.
• Dr. B.R. Ambedkar considered the CAG to be the most important officer under the Constitution.
• He is appointed by the President of India for a term of 6 years or until age 65.

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Explanation

• Statement 1 is correct – Article 148 of the Constitution of India expressly establishes the independent office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG).
• Statement 2 is correct – The CAG can only be removed from office in the same manner and on the same grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court (i.e., by an order of the President after an address by both Houses of Parliament with a special majority on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity).
• Statement 3 is correct – To ensure independence, the CAG is not eligible for further office under the Government of India or the Government of any State after they have ceased to hold office.
• CAG, Supreme Court, Election Commission and Union Public Service Commission were referred to as the bulwarks of the democratic system of government.

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Explanation

• Option a is correct – The Blue Book defines all arrangements necessary for the visits of the dignitaries.
• It is prepared and updated time-to-time by the Union Home Ministry.
• The included Dignitaries are President, Vice-President and Prime Minister.
• The protocol suggests that all these 3 dignitaries visiting a state should be welcomed by the Governor and the Chief Minister.

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Explanation

• Statement 1 is correct – The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) was launched by the Prime Minister on November 15, 2023 (Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas).
• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs acts as the nodal agency, coordinating the mission across 9 participating ministries.
• Statement 2 is correct – The primary objective of the mission is to achieve 100% saturation of 11 critical interventions (such as safe housing, clean drinking water, healthcare, and connectivity) for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) within a timeline of 3 years (FY 2023-24 to 2025-26).

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Explanation

• Option b is correct – Recently, the International Malaria Conference 2026 concluded in New Delhi after three days of scientific deliberations and global engagement on malaria elimination.
• Malaria is a life-threatening, mosquito-borne parasitic disease transmitted by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
• It is caused by Plasmodium species (mainly P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi).
• India has an ambitious target to eliminate malaria (zero indigenous cases) by 2030

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