Explanation

• Option b is the correct answer.
• The primary name for the ancient ship stitching technique, especially in India, is the Tankai method, also known as the stitched shipbuilding method or sewn boat technique.
• The wooden planks are sewn together with coir rope, sealed with resin, and don't use nails, creating flexible, durable hulls, prominent in Indian maritime history.
• The Indian Navy's INSV Kaundinya has gone aboard on a journey from Porbandar in Gujarat to Muscat in Oman to test India's ancient seafaring traditions.
• INSV Kaundinya is a stitched sail ship built using techniques believed to have been used in India during the 5th century CE.

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Explanation

• PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation), a multi-purpose & multi-modal platform to fast-track projects, resolve public grievances, and strengthen cooperative federalism.
• Statement 1 is correct – It was launched in 2015 aims to address the common man’s grievances & simultaneously monitor and review important programmes and projects of the Central and State Governments.
• Statement 2 is incorrect – It is designed by the Prime Minister Office (PMO) team with the help of the National Informatics Centre (NIC).
• Statement 3 is incorrect – It operates as a three-tier system, comprising the Prime Minister’s Office, Union Government Secretaries, and State Chief Secretaries.

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Explanation

• Statement 1 is incorrect – PM POSHAN (Prime Minister's Overarching Scheme For Holistic Nourishment), a centrally sponsored scheme to improve the nutritional status of children studying in classes I-VIII in eligible schools.
• It is also known as Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman. The ministry of Education is its nodal agency.
• Statement 2 is incorrect – the eligibility criteria include – the person should be
  • Citizen of India.
  • Studying in Class I–VIII in Govt. or Govt.-aided schools.
  • In some states include pre-primary children are included in attached schools.
• The Scheme is implemented across the country, covering all the eligible children without any discrimination of gender and social class.

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Explanation

• Microrobot is a dust-grain-sized robot with integrated onboard electronics, representing an advancement toward practical robot swarms.
• In manufacturing the chip fabrication techniques are employed, which enable scalable mass production.
• The robot is powered by solar cells and can be reprogrammed using light signals transmitted by LEDs.
• 1 is correct – In Medical Applications, the Microrobots enable targeted drug delivery, microsurgery, biopsy, and diagnostics like blood glucose monitoring in vivo and in vitro.
• 3 is correct – In environmental Monitoring, color-changing microrobots detect pollutants, pH, and temperature in water, supporting remediation and real-time sensing.
• 2 is incorrect – In spacecraft Inspections, While conceptual space uses exist, no widespread concrete implementations for inspections appear in current research, unlike medical and environmental fields.

Explanation

• Option c is the correct answer.
• The Kimberley Process is an international initiative primarily associated with preventing the trade of "conflict diamonds" (also known as "blood diamonds").
• Its main goal is to stem the flow of rough diamonds used by rebel movements or their allies to finance conflicts that undermine legitimate governments.
• It operates through the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS), an international certification system that imposes stringent requirements on member countries to certify shipments of rough diamonds as "conflict-free".
• It is a tripartite initiative involving governments, the international diamond industry, and civil society organizations.