Explanation

• Statement 1 is incorrect – Article 148 provides for an independent office of the CAG.
• Statement 2 is incorrect – CAG can be removed in the same manner as a judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• He can be removed by the President based on a resolution passed to that effect by both the Houses of Parliament with special majority.
• Statement 3 is incorrect – He is not eligible for further office, either under the Government of India or of any State.

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Explanation

• Option b is the correct answer.
• Auramine O is a synthetic yellow dye, produced from compounds such as dimethylaniline and formaldehyde.
• The dye appears as yellow flakes or powder and dissolves easily when mixed with solvents.
• It is used in industry, including textile and leather processing, printing inks, paper manufacturing, etc.
• It is bright in colour, easily available and low-cost, yet remains banned for use as a food additive.

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Explanation

• Option a is the correct answer.
• Ethiopia's Hayli Gubbi volcano has erupted for the first time in 12,000 years, and the volcanic ash is likely to have recently entered the western and northern parts of India.
• It is a long dormant volcano in the remote Danakil Depression of the Afar Rift. It is situated in an area of intense geological activity where the African and Arabian tectonic plates meet.
• High-level winds carried the ash cloud from Ethiopia across the Red Sea to Yemen and Oman and further over the Arabian Sea towards India.

Explanation

• The Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM) method is used in the process of measuring airborne particulate matter (PM) concentrations, particularly for PM2.5 and PM10.
• It works by continuously measuring the mass of particles collected on a filter tape, using the principle of how beta radiation is absorbed by the deposited particles to calculate their mass concentration in real-time.
• The Supreme Court recently asked authorities to explain the equipment used in Delhi air-quality monitoring stations and whether it is suited to the city’s conditions.

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Explanation

• Statement 1 is incorrect – The Second Judges Case (1993) established that the senior-most Supreme Court judge must be appointed as CJI.
• Statement 2 is correct – Article 124(2), Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President on the advice of the Collegium (CJI + 4 senior-most judges).