Helina

• It is an anti-tank guided missile indigenously developed in India.
• It is one of the most advanced Anti-Tank weapons in the world.
• Helina has a maximum range of seven kilometers.
• Helina has been developed by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL), Hyderabad under the Missiles and Strategic Systems (MSS) cluster of the DRDO.
• Helina can engage targets both by direct hit mode as well as top attack mode.
• In the top attack mode, the missile is required to climb sharply after launch and travel at a certain altitude, and then plunge to the top of the target.
• In the direct hit mode, the missile travels at a lower altitude, directly striking the target.

Bhore Committee, 1946

• This committee, known as the Health Survey & Development Committee, was appointed in 1943 with Sir Joseph Bhore as its Chairman.
• It laid emphasis on the integration of curative and preventive medicine at all levels.
• It made comprehensive recommendations for the remodeling of health services in India.
• The report, submitted in 1946, had some important recommendations like:
  1. Integration of preventive and curative services at all administrative levels.
  2. Development of Primary Health Centers in 2 stages.

Canister Launched Anti-Armour Loiter Ammunition (CALM) System

• The CALM System is a pre-loaded canister with loitering ammunition or a drone that once fired can remain aloft for a period of time over the area of operation.
• When the target is sighted it can be guided down to destroy the target with the explosive payload that it carries.
• Usually, loiter ammunitions carry a camera that is nose-mounted and which can be used by the operator to see the area of operation and choose targets.
• These munitions also have variants that can be recovered and reused in case they are not used for any strike.

Microswimmer

• A microswimmer is a microscopic object with the ability to move in a fluid environment.
• Natural microswimmers are found everywhere in the natural world as biological microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, protists, sperm, and micro animals.
• They are used in various biomedical and environmental applications.
• Researchers are planning to develop artificial microswimmers from two-dimensional compound poly (heptazine imide) carbon nitride.
• This artificial microswimmer is aimed at transporting and delivering drugs to various parts of the body by swimming across bodily fluids.

Electoral Bonds

• It is an instrument through which anyone can donate money to political parties.
• Such bonds, which are sold in multiples of Rs 1,000, Rs 10,000, Rs 1 lakh, Rs 10 lakh, and Rs 1 crore, can be bought from authorized branches of the State Bank of India.
• The name of the donor remains anonymous.
• The political parties can choose to encash such bonds within 15 days of receiving them and fund their electoral expenses.
• Electoral bonds can be bought only during specific windows of time.
• The central criticism of the electoral bonds scheme is that it does the exact opposite of what it was meant to do: bring transparency to election funding.