What is meant by jumping genes? Discuss its role in transforming the process of gene editing technology. (200 Words)
Refer - Business Line
Enrich the answer from other sources, if the question demands.
IAS Parliament 6 years
KEYPOINTS
A transposable element (TE, transposon, or jumping gene) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size.
The jumping gene possesses all the necessary chemical properties to directly insert, or integrate without a DNA double-strand break.
Role in transforming gene editing
· A key tool for editing is the CRISPR-Cas9 process, which uses CRISPRs a part of the immune defence system in bacteria -- to locate a target in the DNA, and the protein Cas9 to "snip" the DNA strand.
· The DNA then repairs itself, sometimes guided by a template that is inserted during the editing process.
· But the process is not always effective -- sometimes the repairs are incomplete, or incorrect, and the damage response prompted by the cutting can have negative side effects.
· Jumping genes, also known as transposons, can effectively slide into the DNA without cuts i..e 'Incredible precision'
· Sidestep all that complexity, and you obviate the need for a DNA break.
· Scientists found that the jumping gene could effectively be programmed with a guide so it can insert itself with incredible precision into user-defined sites in the genome.
· That means scientists can ensure the edits are made in the correct place and the correct way, and frees them from relying on the DNA's own repair mechanism.
· The researchers found the jumping gene was capable of depositing genetic cargoes into the genome delivering sequences up to 10,000 bases long.
praneetha 6 years
kindly review
IAS Parliament 6 years
Good answer. Keep Writing.
Tapasvi 6 years
Kindly review
IAS Parliament 6 years
Good answer. Keep Writing.
Suzmitha 6 years
IAS Parliament 6 years
Good answer.Keep Writing.
K. V. A 6 years
Pls review
IAS Parliament 6 years
Try to include the non-breakage of DNA, precision in gene editing etc. Keep Writing.
K. V. A 6 years
IAS Parliament 6 years
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