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One Liners 06-01-2026
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Geography
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Paradip Port Authority (PPA)
PPA Marks 65th Port Foundation Day with 21st Paradip Marathon.
- It is an autonomous body under the Major Port Trusts Act, 1963.
- Functioning under – Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways.
- Administered by – A Board of Trustees set up by the Government of India headed by the Chairman.
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Paradip Port
- Biju Patnaik, the then Chief Minister of Odisha, is the founder father of Paradip Port.
- Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Prime Minister of India, laid the foundation stone of the Port in 1962 near the Confluence of the river Mahanadi and the Bay of Bengal.
- On 18 April 1966, the Government of India designated Paradip Port as the 8th major port in the country, establishing it as the 1st major port on the east coast commissioned after independence.
- It is the only Major Port in the State of Odisha situated 210 nautical miles south of Kolkata and 260 nautical miles north of Visakhapatnam on the east coast on the shore of Bay of Bengal.
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Social Issues
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Notifiable Disease
The Delhi government is set to designate rabies as a notifiable disease.
- A notifiable disease refers to any illness that must be reported to government authorities as mandated by law.
- Timely notification enables authorities to monitor disease incidence and offers early warning of potential outbreaks.
- Examples – Cholera, Tuberculosis, Malaria, Dengue, COVID-19.
- Legal framework – Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897
- Criteria -
- Relevance to national or international regulations or control programs.
- Incidence at the national, state, or district level.
- Severity, including the potential for rapid mortality.
- Communicability and potential to cause outbreaks.
- Significant risk of international spread.
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Rabies
- Rabies is a viral disease that is almost 100% fatal once symptoms appear, but it is preventable through timely medical intervention.
- Cause – Transmitted via the saliva of infected animals, primarily dogs.
- Symptoms – It includes fever, headache, excessive salivation, muscle spasms, paralysis, and mental confusion.
- Prevention – Strategies include vaccination, both pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis, as well as animal control programs.
- Fatality – The disease is almost universally fatal once clinical symptoms manifest.
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System for Accounting and Management of Pension (SAMPANN)
- SAMPANN – It is an integrated, online pension management system for Department of Telecommunications (DoT) pensioners.
- It is a single platform for processing, sanctioning and disbursing pension directly to the bank account of pensioners.
- Digital Governance – It also offers online grievance redressal, digital profile management and transaction record, enhancing transparency and efficiency for telecom retirees.
- It advances the digital governance and paperless services, important pension related documents i.e. Gratuity Payment Orders, Pension Certificates/ePPOs, Pension Commutation Payment Orders and Form 16 are now made available through DigiLocker.
- It enables pensioners to securely access, store, and retrieve their official documents anytime and anywhere, ensuring greater convenience, authenticity, and long-term digital preservation of records.
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Human Capital Working Group Meeting
- Convened by – IndiaAI, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India, in collaboration with the Government of Assam, and IIT Guwahati.
- Discussions on –
- Gender-Responsive Strategies for the AI Transition,
- Redefining Education for the Cognitive Age,
- The Architecture of the National Language Translation Mission,
- Building an Inclusive and Empowered India, and
- The Reverse Engineering Approach to AI Education.
- Objective – To treat AI as a public utility, the Working Group Meeting will focus on designing inclusive, scalable, and responsible approaches to AI-led workforce transition.
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Economy
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1st Vande Bharat Sleeper Train
- A semi-high-speed train with a design speed of up to 180 kmph.
- Operate between – Guwahati in Assam and Howrah in West Bengal.
- Equipped with – Automatic doors, the KAVACH safety system, improved fire safety mechanisms, disinfectant technology and CCTV surveillance in all coaches.
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Environment
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Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) - Online Reporting Tool (ORT)
For the first time, the UN Convention on Biological Diversity is letting communities, cities, non-profit groups, and businesses use its official reporting system.
- ORT – It enables communities, cities, organizations, and businesses, in addition to national governments, to submit information regarding their biodiversity actions under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF).
- Aim – To capture conservation work beyond national governments under the global biodiversity framework agreed in 2022.
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Science
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Residue Upgradation Facility (RUF)
- Established at – Visakhapatnam (Vizag), Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Commissioned by – Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL)
- Capacity – 3.55 Million Metric Tonnes per Annum (MMTPA).
- LC-Max-based Technology – The facility utilizes the world’s first LC-Max-based residue hydrocracking technology, which enables conversion of approximately 93% of bottom oils into high-value petroleum products.
- This addition is projected to increase the refinery’s distillate yield by up to 10% compared to pre-expansion levels.
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Index
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World Risk Index
- The index is calculated for each country by multiplying exposure and vulnerability, thereby quantifying disaster risk across different countries and regions.
- Released annually – since 2011.
- Part of – The World Risk Report 2020, by the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft, and the University of Stuttgart in Germany.
- Components – It combines exposure to natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, and sea-level rise, with societal vulnerability, which includes susceptibility, coping capacities, and adaptive capacities.
- Objective – To identify countries that most urgently need to enhance their capacity to cope with and adapt to extreme natural events.
- Highlights – India is ranked 2nd, following the Philippines, among the Asian economies analysed.
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