UPSC Daily Current Affairs| One Liners 27-05-2026

One Liners 27-05-2026

Geography

Geophysical layers of Earth

Changes in earth’s outer Core

• Earths - inner core – Solid, outer core – Liquid
• Earth’s outer core – liquid layer that lies around 2,800 km beneath the surface.
• Function as – a large generator, creating the planet’s magnetic field, which shields the earth from harmful solar radiation.
• Recent observations – liquid iron in the outer core below the equatorial Pacific Ocean changed direction from a slow westward crawl to a more rapid eastward surge.
• Significance – sudden ‘jerks’ in magnetic field readings and suggest that deep-earth liquids can change direction much faster.

Polity & Governance

‘Education to Employment and Enterprise’ Standing Committee

• Constituted under – The chairpersonship of CEO, NITI Aayog.
• Proposed under – Union Budget 2026-27.
• Envisaged – To help India achieve a 10% share of the global services market by 2047.
• It includes representation from various other ministries.
• Focus – to strengthen and accelerate growth in the services sector.
• It had representation from
  • Ministry of Labour and Employment, Department of Commerce,
  • Department of Economic Affairs
  • Ministry of Electronics & IT
  • Department of Higher Education
  • Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship
  • Department of School Education & Literacy
  •  Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation
  • Governments of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh, NASSCOM, FICCI, CII, FISME, SEPC, and other experts.

NITI Aayog

• It is a non-constitutional, non-statutory and advisory body. It is the apex public policy think tank of the Government of India.
• Constituted by - executive resolution of the government replaced earlier Planning commission.
• Chairperson – Prime minister
• NITI Aayog’s entire gamut of activities can be divided into four main heads:
  • Policy and Programme Framework
  • Cooperative Federalism
  • Monitoring and Evaluation
  • Think Tank, and Knowledge and Innovation Hub

Contempt of Court

Contempt of court in India protects the judiciary's authority and integrity.

• Defined – by the The Contempt of Courts Act, 1971.
• Types - Civil Contempt: refers to the willful disobedience of any judgment, decree, direction, order, or writ of a court, or the willful breach of an undertaking given to a court.
• Criminal Contempt - involves the publication of any matter or any act that scandalizes or lowers the authority of the court,
  • prejudices any judicial proceeding, or obstructs the administration of justice.

International Relations and Issues

H-1B Visa

• H-1B visa – It is a non-immigrant visa that allows US companies to employ foreign workers in specialty occupations that require theoretical or technical expertise.
• Technology companies depend on it to hire tens of thousands of employees each year from countries like India and China.

Science

Ring Gantry-based Linear Accelerator

Recently, it is commissioned into the Department of Radiation Oncology at Army Hospital (Research & Referral), Delhi.

• Purpose – strengthening cancer care services
• Capable of delivering – Modern radiotherapy techniques including Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy,
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy, Image-Guided Radiation Therapy,
  • Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Stereotactic Radiosurgery.
• Significance – enables precise delivery of radiation to tumour sites while minimising exposure to surrounding normal tissues.

Miscellaneous

The book “Apnapan”

The book 'Apnapan' authored by Union Minister for Agriculture & Farmers Welfare and Rural Development Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan.

• Reflects – His experiences, learnings and observations from his long public association, values, leadership approach and governance philosophy.
• Concepts highlighted – Such as 'Seva', 'Antyodaya', 'Jan Bhagidari', 'Nation First' and 'Lok Kalyan' form the central spirit of the book.

India’s power demand statistics

Amid soaring temperatures, India successfully meets record peak power demand of 260.45 GW.

• India was able to meet a peak power demand of 260.45 gigawatts during solar hours.
• Contributions - Thermal power accounted for 61.5% of the power generated at the peak hour, solar 22%, wind 6.7%, hydro 5.3% and nuclear 2.7% as per the ministry.
• India’s installed capacity – more than 538 gigawatts.
• Of this, the installed renewable sources-based capacity is 283.46 GW
  • Inclusive of 150.26 GW solar, 56.09 GW wind, 11.75 bioenergy, 5.17 small hydro and 51.41 GW large hydro.
  • Nuclear power accounts for the remainder 8.78 GW of the installed capacity from non-renewable sources.

International Day of Yoga 2026

Kolkata to Host International Day of Yoga 2026 Main Event; Theme Announced as “Yoga for Healthy Aging”

• Host – Kolkata to host the event on 21 June 2026.
• Theme Announced as “Yoga for Healthy Aging”.
• Multilingual IDY 2026 Handbook now accessible to the public.
  • Available in – English, Hindi and 21 Regional languages