Lancet Countdown Report 2023

Why in news?

A new report by the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change warns of the severe health consequences of climate change in India.

Lancet Countdown Report

The Lancet Countdown is global research collaboration that tracks the relationship between public health and climate change.
2023 report- It tracks the relationship between health and climate change across 5 key domains and 47 indicators.
It warns that from 2018 to 2022, average summer temperature increased by 0.5°C compared to the 1986-2005 baseline average, with severe implications for public health.
The report highlights the grave and mounting threat to health of further delayed action on climate change.
It also emphasizes that COP28 could help deliver through commitments and action to accelerate a just transition.

Rise in temperature- It poses a significant threat to lives, health and wellbeing, leading to an increased risk of death and heat-related diseases.
Vulnerable group at risk- Due to elevated temperature older individuals, socio economically deprived communities, very young children, pregnant women and those with underlying health issues are particularly at risk.
Impact on health-

Economic fallout- Agricultural workers face the brunt experiencing 64% of potential hours lost and 55% of potential income loss.

In 2022, India lost 191 billion labour hours due to heat, which was 54% more than in 1991-2000.

Urgent call for action- The report stresses the critical need for immediate action, emphasizing the urgency of strengthening local health systems, adapting to climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Air pollution- The report addresses the health impact of air pollution, attributing increasing deaths to small particulate matter (PM2.5) generate from human activities.
Energy transition- Transition to renewable energy is identified as a crucial step to mitigate air pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emission and promote universal, affordable and clean energy.
Drought - India’s vulnerability to extreme weather events including drought is outlined impacting crop yields, livestock and food security.
Spread of diseases- The suitability for the spread of infectious diseases like malaria, dengue has increased due to climate change.
Local engagement- The report emphasized the importance of locally relevant data and research to inform policies and enable government to take a leading role in championing health centered climate action.
Global collaboration- The report gives a call for global collaboration to address the urgent challenges posed by the climate change.

To know about the unhealthy urban India click here

Climate negotiations must drive a rapid and sustained shift away from fossil fuels, accelerate mitigation, and increase support for health adaptation.
The coordinated action of health professionals, policy makers, corporations, and financial institutions is the need of the hour to ensure a thriving future.
Health-centred urban redesign can promote safe active travel, reduce building and transport-based air pollution and GHG emissions, and increase resilience to climate hazards

References