Artificial Intelligence-based Pollution Sensors

Why in the news?

AI-powered air sensors offer a cost-effective, real-time, and practical way to monitor air pollution and protect public health.

Global Status of Air pollution

Globally, air pollution causes 7 million deaths per year.
Air pollution is the 2^nd leading global risk factor for death, contributing to 8.1 million deaths annually.
Every day, 100 children under five die in East Asia and the Pacific due to air pollution.
99% of the population breathing air exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limits, leading to
- 8.1 million premature deaths annually, and shortening average life expectancy by 2.2 years.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are key pollutants of concern.
Children are highly vulnerable due to their developing lungs, weak immune systems, and faster breathing rates.
The burning of fossil fuels is the biggest cause of air pollution and also contributes to climate change.

New AI-Driven Roaming Sensors

Compact air sensors are the size of a thick mobile phone and cost a few thousand pounds.
These sensors can be attached to vehicles like buses, vans, and garbage trucks to collect real-time data.
They measure pollutants such as:
- Particulate matter (soot)
- Carbon monoxide
- Ozone
- Nitrogen dioxide
- Sulphur dioxide
These sensors send data every minute to a central system.
Advantages - Affordable and practical alternative to expensive monitoring stations.
Provides real-time air quality maps in local areas.
Helps identify pollution sources and plan emergency measures.
Can guide individuals to safer areas (e.g., joggers choosing cleaner routes, parents finding safer playgrounds).
Ensures better air quality awareness and health protection for the public.

Right to breathe clean air is a fundamental right under Article 21.