UPSC Daily Current Affairs| One Liners 25-01-2025

One Liners 25-01-2025

History, Art and Culture

76^th Uttar Pradesh Foundation Day 2025

Statehood Day – 1950, 24 January.
Historical background – It is recognized in the later Vedic Age as Brahmarshi Desha or Madhya Desha.
1935 – Its name was shortened to United Provinces.
1950 – United Provinces was renamed as Uttar Pradesh.
It is home to revered places such as,
- Birthplace of Lord Ram in Ayodhya.
- Lord Krishna in Mathura.
- Holy city of Varanasi.
It is a “Holy Land” in shaping India’s history, mythological tales, and culture.

Geography

Uttar Pradesh

Capital – Lucknow.
Languages – Hindi and Urdu.
Bordered by – Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh in the north, Haryana in the west, Madhya Pradesh in the South and Bihar in the east.
Rivers – Ganga, Yamuna, Gomti, Ram Ganga, Ghagra, Betwa, Ken.
It is blessed with fertile and mineral-rich soil.

Polity & Governance

Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)

Launched in – 2023.
Aim – Restoration of mangrove forests by undertaking mangrove reforestation/ afforestation measures along the coast of India.
Coverage – 540 sq. km of mangroves across 9 coastal states and 4 Union territories.
Time period – 2023-2028 (5-years).
Focused on – Sundarbans delta, Hoogly Estuary in West Bengal and other wetlands.
Implementation - Funding will be done from State CAMPA, National CAMPA &MGNREGA and also from other sources.
Mangrove Alliance for Climate – “MISHTI” comes after India joined the Alliance.
It was launched during the 27th Conference of Parties (COP27) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Egypt in November 2022

Digital Tree Aadhaar programme

Launched in – 2021.
Launched by:
- Jammu and Kashmir Forest Department.
- J&K Forest Research Institute (JKFI).
Objective – To conserve the iconic Chinar trees, a symbol of the region's cultural and ecological heritage.
It includes geo-tagging each tree with QR codes to record vital information, such as location, health and growth patterns.

PM Suryaghar Muft Bijli Yojana.

Launched in – 2024.
Aim – To increase the share of solar rooftop capacity and empower residential households to generate their own electricity.
It is the world’s largest residential rooftop solar initiative.
Time period – Till 2026-27.
Implemented by – A National programme Implementation Agency (NPIA) at the National level and by the State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) at the state level.
Working – To provides for a subsidy of 60% of the solar unit cost for systems up to 2kW capacity.
40% of additional system cost for systems between 2 to 3kW capacity.

Security

Pralay

Pralay – It is the indigenous short-range surface-to-surface quasi-ballistic missile.
Range – Approximately 400 km.
It is the 1^st ballistic missile in India for conventional strikes.
Approved by – Defence Acquisition Council (DAC).
Development by – Research Centre Imarat, Hyderabad of DRDO
Capability – To strike different types of targets using different types of warheads.
Deployment along – Line of Control (LoC).
- Line of Actual Control (LAC).

SANJAY - The Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS)

SANJAY – It is an automated Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS) which integrates the inputs from all ground and aerial battlefield sensors.
It produces a Common Surveillance Picture of the battlefield over secured Army Data Network & Satellite Communication Network.
Developed by – Indian Army and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL).
Applications - Monitors vast land borders.
- Prevent intrusions.
- Assess situations with unparalleled accuracy.
- Prove to be a force multiplier in intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance.

Science

International Solar Conference (ISC)

Conference on – Sun, Space Weather and Solar-Stellar Connections.
Organised by – Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA).
Purposes – To commemorate the 125^th anniversary of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO).
Themes – Solar magnetism over long time scales.
- Solar magnetism in high resolution.
- Energetic phenomena.
- Solar-stellar connection.
- Heliosphere.
- Space weather.

Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO)

Established in – 1899.
Location – Palani hills, Tamil Nadu.
Operated by – Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
Observation – It houses a digital repository of 1.2 lakh digitized solar images and 1000s of other images of the Sun recorded every day.
It made understanding of sunspots, solar flares, coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena.

Artificial Sun

Chinese scientists achieved a world record with artificial Sun.

Artificial Sun – It is a mega nuclear fusion device, which generates energy through a fusion process similar to that of the sun.
Aim - To create clean and sustainable energy through a fusion process for global energy supply.
Conducted at – Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST).
Achievement – Maintained plasma temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius for nearly 18 minutes.