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Components
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Provisions
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Segregation
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- Mandatory at source - Wet, dry, sanitary, and special care waste.
- Wet waste - Composted or processed through bio-methanation.
- Dry waste - Sent to Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) for sorting and recycling.
- Sanitary waste - Securely wrapped and stored separately.
- Special care waste - Collected by authorized agencies or deposited at designated centres.
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Bulk Waste Generators (BWG)
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- They are entities generating ≥100 kg/day, consuming ≥40,000 litres/day water, or having floor area ≥20,000 m².
- Includes government departments, local bodies, PSUs, institutions, commercial establishments, and residential societies.
- Levy of user fees on waste generators as per local bye-laws.
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Extended BWG Responsibility (EBWGR)
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- BWGs are accountable for the solid waste generated by them.
- Required to process wet waste on-site wherever feasible.
- Can obtain EBWGR certificate if on-site processing is not possible.
- Bulk waste generators contribute ~30% of total solid waste, making this responsibility critical.
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Land Allocation & Buffer Zones
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- Graded criteria for development around solid waste processing/disposal facilities.
- Buffer zone mandatory for facilities with capacity >5 tonnes/day.
- CPCB issues the guidelines for buffer size and permissible activities.
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Online Monitoring
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- Centralized online portal to track waste generation, collection, transport, processing, disposal, biomining, and bioremediation of legacy dumpsites.
- Registration and authorization of waste processing facilities online.
- Reports and audits submitted online.
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Local Bodies & MRFs
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- Local bodies handle collection, segregation, and transport in coordination with MRFs.
- MRFs are recognized as sorting facilities and deposition points for e-waste, special care waste, sanitary waste, etc.
- Focus on peri-urban rural areas; encouraged to generate carbon credits.
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Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)
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- RDF are produced by the shredding/dehydrating of municipal solid waste with high calorific value.
- They are mainly non-recyclable plastic, paper, and textiles.
- Industrial units (cement, waste-to-energy) must replace conventional solid fuel with RDF.
- Fuel substitution is expected to increase from 5% to 15% over six years.
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Landfilling & Legacy Waste
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- Landfills restricted to non-recyclable, non-energy recoverable waste and inert material.
- Higher landfill fees will be incurred for sending unsegregated waste.
- Annual audits by SPCBs, monitored by District Collectors.
- Mapping, assessment, biomining, and bioremediation of legacy dumpsites with quarterly reporting online.
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Hilly Areas & Islands
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- Levy user fees on tourists to regulate tourist inflow based on capacity.
- Designated collection points for non-biodegradable waste.
- Local populations encouraged to hand over waste; hotels/restaurants process wet waste locally.
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Implementation Committees
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- Central and State-level committees established for effective implementation.
- State-level committee chaired by Chief Secretary or Head of UT Administration.
- Committees recommend measures to CPCB for compliance and monitoring.
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