Endometriosis — India’s First Genome Study

Why in News?

India’s first genome-wide study of endometriosis has identified 21 genetic regions potentially linked to the disease in Indian women.

• Endometriosis – It is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus.
• This condition leads to inflammation and the formation of scar tissue.
• It can develop at any time from menarche to menopause, regardless of ethnic or social background.
• It can also affect transgender men and non-binary menstruating individuals.
• Globally, it affects approximately 10 percent of women of reproductive age, or about 190 million individuals.

• Treatment – No definitive cure currently exists.
• Common symptoms
  • Severe menstrual/period pain
  • Chronic pelvic pain
  • Pain associated with menstruation
  • Infertility
  • Sometimes other pain-related symptoms
• Potential Future Applications
• Study provides evidence that genetic susceptibility may contribute to endometriosis.
• The findings may contribute to research in the following areas:
• Disease mechanisms – Advancing understanding of the biological pathways involved in endometriosis.
• Earlier recognition – Facilitating the identification of women who may require closer clinical attention.
• Non-invasive diagnostics – Supporting the development of diagnostic approaches that could reduce reliance on invasive procedures.
• Personalised treatment – Enabling the customization of treatment strategies based on individual biological or genetic profiles.

Reference

Indian Express | Endometriosis Could Be Genetic